دانلود گزارش کارورزی و کار آموزی

چکیده : 

We study the labour market experiences of immigrant accountants in Canada, to reveal the

tensions contradictions and paradoxes embedded in neoliberal globalization. Drawing on

themes within pragmatic sociology (Boltanski & Thévenot, [1991] 2006), we argue that

globalization has differentially impacted on the moral orders underpinning the identity

projects of the Canadian state and the elite sector of the accountancy profession and this

has in turn created three paradoxes: paradox of the state, paradox of the market and paradox

of place

چکیده : 

This paper explores the nature of private social and environmental reporting (SER). From

interviews with UK institutional investors, we show that both investors and investees

employ Goffmanesque, staged impression management as a means of creating and disseminating

a dual myth of social and environmental accountability. The interviewees’ utterances

unveil private meetings imbued with theatrical verbal and physical impression management.

Most of the time, the investors’ shared awareness of reality belongs to a Goffmanesque

frame whereby they accept no intentionality, misrepresentation or fabrication, believing

instead that the ‘performers’ (investees) are not intending to deceive them. A shared perception

that social and environmental considerations are subordinated to financial issues renders

private SER an empty encounter characterised as a relationship-building exercise with

seldom any impact on investment decision-making. Investors spoke of occasional instances

of fabrication but these were insufficient to break the frame of dual myth creation. They only

identified a handful of instances where intentional misrepresentation had been significant

enough to alter their reality and behaviour. Only in the most extreme cases of fabrication

and lying did the staged meeting break frame and become a genuine occasion of accountability,

where investors demanded greater transparency, further meetings and at the extreme,

divested shares. We conclude that the frontstage, ritualistic impression management in private

SER is inconsistent with backstage activities within financial institutions where private

financial reporting is prioritised. The investors appeared to be in a double bind whereby they

devoted resources to private SER but were simultaneously aware that these efforts may be at

best subordinated, at worst ignored, rendering private SER a predominantly cosmetic, theatrical

and empty exercise.

چکیده : 

Cohesion in writing is achieved through the use of linguistic devices

that tie ideas together across a text, and is an important element in

the development of coherent writing. Research shows that interand

intra-developmental differences may appear in how children

learn to use these devices, but cohesion is commonly overlooked in

the evaluation and instruction of writing. In this study, we developed

a checklist to assess cohesion in the writing of children in

Grades 4–7, with the purpose of informing instructional practices.

Following the procedure outlined by Crocker and Algina (1986), we

developed and evaluated a checklist designed to assess the types

of cohesive devices present in the writing of children. The checklist

items showed fair to good discrimination between high and low

scoring writers as demonstrated by a classical item analysis. We

also found good interrater reliability, and evidence for discriminative

validity. As internal consistency was weak, however, further

research is needed to refine the instrument. Implications for the

assessment of cohesion and future research are discussed.

چکیده : 

The present study aims to continue in a vein of research which

examines the effects of essay prompts on examinees’ writing performance

by closely investigating 40 student essays produced from

a university-wide reading-to-write test. Quantitative and qualitative

results of this study show that native and non-native writers

at different proficiency levels exhibit variety in their selection of

lexical items and propositional material from the background reading.

Among other things, it is found that the higher-rated native

group outperformed the other groups in their ability to identify

topical information and in a better sense of what details from the

source text to include. The two non-native groups, although able

to locate superordinate propositions of the source text, lack native

writers’ ability to readjust their selection of material according to

the author’s epistemological stance. The lower-rated native writers

paid little attention to the source text and merely used the substance

of the text as a “springboard” to elicit their own opinions in

response to the topic. Possible explanations for these results and

their implications for writing pedagogy and assessment are also

discussed.

چکیده : 

Thisworkfocusesonthestrongsolutionsofaclassofhybriddiffusionprocesseswithstate-dependentregime-switching.Thisimportantclassofprocessesoriginatesfromthepurposeofmodelingtheinterestrateinfinance.Theyhavenoanyexplicitsolutions.Moreover,state-dependentregime-switchingandnon-Lipschitzdiffusioncoefficientposeachallengetoouranalysis.Toovercomeallofthese,weconsidertheEulernumericalschemesratherthanthetraditionalPicarditerationsintheexistingresultsofsolutionsofstochasticdifferentialequations.Theweakconvergenceofnumericalalgorithmsisfirstestablishedbyamartingaleproblemformulation.Usingthisresult,wecanalsoobtainthestrongconvergenceofthealgorithms.Theexistenceofstrongsolutionsisthenconfirmed.Inaddition,decreasingstepsizeiterativealgorithmsandtheirweakconvergencearepresented.Severalnumericalexperimentsarealsoprovidedforillustration.

چکیده : 

Lefteright behavioural biases are well documented across the animal kingdom, and handedness has long

been associated with cognitive performance. However, the relationship between body laterality and

cognitive ability is poorly understood. The embryonic pathways dictating normal lefteright patterning have

been molecularly dissected in model vertebrates, and numerous genetic and pharmacological treatments

nowfacilitate experimental randomization or reversal of the lefteright axis in these animals. Several recent

studies showed a link between brain asymmetry and strongly lateralized behaviours such as eye use preference.

However, links between laterality of the body and performance on cognitive tasks utilizing nonlateralized

cues remain unknown. Xenopus tadpoles are an establishedmodel for the study of early lefteright

patterning, and protocols were recently developed to quantitatively evaluate learning and memory in these

animals. Using an automated testing and training platform,we tested wild-type, lefteright-randomized and

lefteright-reversed tadpoles for their ability to learn colour cues in an automated assay. Our results indicate

that animals with either randomization or reversal of somatic lefteright patterning learned more slowly

than wild-type siblings, although all groups were able to reach the same performance optimum given

enough training sessions. These results are the first analysis of the link between body laterality and learning

of nonlateralized cues, and they position the Xenopus tadpole as an attractive and tractable model for future

studies of the links between asymmetry of the body, lateralization of the brain and behaviour.

چکیده : 

For many animals, the repertoires of songs or calls are relatively small and static during a lifetime. One

reason for this is that there are different physiological limitations in the respiratory, phonatory and filter

systems in different phylogenetic groups. Nevertheless, learning does not have to be associated exclusively

with the acquisition of new vocalizations; individuals may recombine a limited number of elements

already present in an individual’s repertoire into new sequences. I tested the possibility of learning

timing of calls in the corncrake, Crex crex, a nonpasserine bird with an extremely low repertoire of calls,

using temporal patterns of calls during territorial interactions. I tested whether male are able to

comprehend and use a new pattern by connecting known syntax with a new meaning through experience.

Experiments with playback demonstrated that males were able to comprehend a new association

between the temporal pattern and approaching behaviour of the intruder only after a few minutes of

exposure to new circumstances. Additionally, apart from comprehending, males acquired a new signalling

strategy; they began signalling their aggressive motivation using the new association. Because

comprehension and usage of associations between the syntax of vocalizations and the approaching

behaviour of males were modifiable as a result of experience, these results indicate that corncrakes’

innate call structures and lack of complex and variable songs allow them to learn the temporal distribution

of their calls. This suggests a much broader application and a vital role of contextual learning for

the evolution of simple acoustic signalling systems.