دانلود گزارش کارورزی و کار آموزی

چکیده :

The most important and effective measures against disease outbreaks in the absence of valid medicines orvaccine are quarantine and isolation strategies. In this paper optimal control theory is applied to a systemof ordinary differential equation describing a two-strain avian influenza transmission via the Pontrya-gin’s Maximum Principle. To this end, a pair of control variables representing the isolation strategies forindividuals with avian and mutant strains were incorporated into the transmission model. The infectionaverted ratio (IAR) and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were calculated to investigate thecost-effectiveness of all possible combinations of the control strategies. The simulation results show thatthe implementation of the combination strategy during the epidemic is the most cost-effective strategyfor avian influenza transmission. This is followed by the control strategy involving isolation of individualswith the mutant strain. Also observed was the fact that low mutating and more virulent virus results inan increased control effort of isolating individuals with the avian strain; and high mutating with morevirulent virus results in increased efforts in isolating individuals with the mutant strain