دانلود گزارش کارورزی و کار آموزی

چکیده  : 

An attempt to classify dry-cured hams according to the maturation time on the basis of near infrared (NIR)

spectra was studied. The study comprised 128 samples of biceps femoris (BF) muscle from dry-cured hams

matured for 10 (), 12 (), 14 () or 16 months (). Samples were minced and

scanned in the wavelength range from 400 to 2500 nm using spectrometer NIR System model 6500 (Silver

Spring, MD, USA). Spectral data were used for i) splitting of samples into the training and test set using 2D

Kohonen artificial neural networks (ANN) and for ii) construction of classification models using counterpropagation

ANN (CP-ANN). Different models were tested, and the one selected was based on the lowest percentage

of misclassified test samples (external validation). Overall correctness of the classification was 79.7%,

which demonstrates practical relevance of using NIR spectroscopy and ANN for dry-cured ham processing

control.

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Mucormycosisisanemergentandthreateninginvasivefungalinvasionunderdiagnosedbycliniciansdue

to lackofawarenessandaspecific clinicalpicture.Theauthorsdescribeaclinicalcaseofadiabeticand

cirrhotic patientwhodevelopedrhino-orbital-cerebralandpulmonarymucormycosis,non-responsiveto

treatment. Typicalgapsinthemanagementofthisdeadlydiseaseareaddressed.Thereisastrongneed

for noveltherapiesandanexpectationthatsponsorswillrecognizethecriticalneedforrandomized

clinicaltrials

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The successful application of the real-coded differential evolution (DE) to a wide range of real-valued

problems has motivated researchers to investigate its potentiality to integer and discrete valued problems.

In most of such works, a real-valued solution is converted into a desired integer-valued solution

by applying some posterior decoding mechanisms. Only a limited number of works are found, in which

attempts are made for developing an actual integer-coded DE. In this article, such a DE is presented which

can work directly with real, integer and discrete variables of a problem without any conversion. In the

computational experiments carried out with a set of test problems taken from literature, the DE improved

several previously known best solutions, as well as outperformed some similar proposals in most of the

cases.

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While software and algorithms have become increasingly important in astronomy, the majority of authors

who publish computational astronomy research do not share the source code they develop, making it

difficult to replicate and reuse the work. In this paper we discuss the importance of sharing scientific

source code with the entire astrophysics community, and propose that journals require authors to make

their code publicly available when a paper is published. That is, we suggest that a paper that involves a

computer program not be accepted for publication unless the source code becomes publicly available.

The adoption of such a policy by editors, editorial boards, and reviewers will improve the ability to

replicate scientific results, and will also make computational astronomy methods more available to other

researchers who wish to apply them to their data.

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High performance computing has been used in various fields of astrophysical research. But most of it

is implemented on massively parallel systems (supercomputers) or graphical processing unit clusters.

With the advent of multicore processors in the last decade, many serial software codes have been reimplemented

in parallel mode to utilize the full potential of these processors. In this paper, we propose

parallel processing recipes for multicore machines for astronomical data processing. The target audience

is astronomers who use Python as their preferred scripting language and who may be using PyRAF/IRAF

for data processing. Three problems of varied complexity were benchmarked on three different types

of multicore processors to demonstrate the benefits, in terms of execution time, of parallelizing data

processing tasks. The native multiprocessing module available in Python makes it a relatively trivial task

to implement the parallel code.Wehave also compared the three multiprocessing approaches—Pool/Map,

Process/Queue and Parallel Python. Our test codes are freely available and can be downloaded from our

website

a b s t r a c t : 

In monogamous species, after pair formation, the main reason for ranging movements is not searching fora mate, but for other important resources e.g. food. We monitored a total of 20 radio-tagged adult, pairedcrested porcupines in four areas of different habitat richness. No sexual size dimorphism was assessed.Body mass and habitat richness showed collinearity. For both sexes, home range size was correlated tohabitat richness, with a significant inverse exponential regression. Opposite to natural foragers, living inpoor habitats, crop foragers had smaller home ranges, with their dens significantly closer to cultivations.Both availability of food resources and den sites are key variables to determine home range size.

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Parasites have evolved various strategies to exploit hosts to their own advantage. Bodyguard manipu-lations consist of usurping the behaviour of the host to confer some protection to the parasite and/orits offspring. Dinocampus coccinellae Schrank is a solitary endoparasitoid of the spotted lady beetleColeomegilla maculata lengi Timberlake. The parasitoid larva grows inside the host until mature, thenegresses and spins a cocoon between the ladybird’s legs. Unlike most parasitoids, D. coccinellae does notkill its host during development, but keeps the coccinellid partially paralysed on top of the cocoon, whereit acts as a bodyguard against natural enemies. As recently shown, the presence of a living ladybird on theparasitoid cocoon provides efficient protection against a predator, lacewing larvae. In the present study,we used predators with different foraging behaviours—jumping spiders and crickets—to explore the rel-evance of the bodyguard strategy for D. coccinellae in a multipredator context. Although the manner ofthe protection differs among the different tested predators, the presence of the ladybird always enhancesparasitoid survival, even when it first increases detection of the cocoon–ladybird complex, as is the casewith jumping spiders. Furthermore, although a dead bodyguard is sufficient to passively defend para-sitoid cocoons against crickets, it provides only partial protection against jumping spiders. Altogether,these results support the bodyguard hypothesis in a multipredator context, since the presence of a liv-ing coccinellid significantly reduces cocoon predation by predators having different prey specificities,morphologies, and hunting behaviours.